Improved performance of an axially-modulated conformal leaky-wave holographic antenna through using variable modulation index

In this paper, a novel method to decrease the sidelobe level (SLL) of conformal leaky-wave antennas (CLWAs) which are synthesized based on holographic techniques is proposed. For purpose, relation modified by using modulation index as function spatial component corresponding propagation direction reference wave. order create fascinating impedance matching between launcher and radiative metasurface, an initial phase considered in formula. The designed one-dimensional (1D) sinusoidally modulated antenna indicated broadside fan beam at 18 GHz. At frequency, about 3 dB SLL reduction was observed E-plane compared traditinal antenna. measurement results that realized gain design frequency 14.6dBi, radiation efficiency were −10.6 95%, respectively.